Evacuation of people from buildings during a fire: regulatory framework, psychophysiological factors and technological solutions
Keywords:
fire evacuation, building safety, emergency exits, human behavior in emergency situations, psychophysiological reactions, NFPA 101, IBC, IoT in fire safety systems, BIM modeling, VR training, fire safety standards, accessible evacuation, evacuation simulation, intelligent buildings, occupant response time.Abstract
Evacuation of people during fires is a complex process that is influenced by regulatory requirements, human behavior, and modern technological solutions. In this article, we analyze the transformation of fire standards and regulations, consider the psychophysiological aspects of the population that determine human behavior in emergency situations, and explore innovative technologies that help improve the efficiency of evacuation. Based on the latest research and practical developments, the authors seek to provide a holistic view of the integrated approach needed to successfully implement fire evacuation strategies.